Bionotícias

Biologia 12
Ficha de Leitura nº 8 Data:28/3/2011
Unidade de Ensino: Imunidade e Controlo de doenças

Conteúdo/assunto: Nano partículas puderam ajudar no tratamento da Malária e do HIV.
Título: Nano partículas podem melhorar vacinas

Resumo: Engenheiros do MIT criaram um novo tipo de nano partícula que poderá ajudar no tratamento da Malária e do HIV. Testes iniciais foram realizados em ratos. Estas nano partículas resolvem alguns dos problemas das vacinas comuns contra a malária e o HIV: a dificuldade de combater vírus vivos e a incapacidade em induzir fortes respostas do sistema imunológico. Depois de três doses baixas, até 30% de todas as células imunológicas dos ratos testados responderam à proteína da vacina sintética.


Fonte:
http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v10/n3/full/nmat2960.html, 20.2.2011




Pesquisador: Lara Daniela de Sousa Valente

Interbilayer-crosslinked multilamellar vesicles as synthetic vaccines for potent humoral and cellular immune responses

Vaccines based on recombinant proteins avoid the toxicity and antivector immunity associated with live vaccine (for example, viral) vectors, but their immunogenicity is poor, particularly for CD8+ T-cell responses. Synthetic particles carrying antigens and adjuvant molecules have been developed to enhance subunit vaccines, but in general these materials have failed to elicit CD8+ T-cell responses comparable to those for live vectors in preclinical animal models. Here, we describe interbilayer-crosslinked multilamellar vesicles formed by crosslinking headgroups of adjacent lipid bilayers within multilamellar vesicles. Interbilayer-crosslinked vesicles stably entrapped protein antigens in the vesicle core and lipid-based immunostimulatory molecules in the vesicle walls under extracellular conditions, but exhibited rapid release in the presence of endolysosomal lipases. We found that these antigen/adjuvant-carrying vesicles form an extremely potent whole-protein vaccine, eliciting endogenous T-cell and antibody responses comparable to those for the strongest vaccine vectors. These materials should enable a range of subunit vaccines and provide new possibilities for therapeutic protein delivery.